Monday, October 28, 2019

CFOW Newsletter - Catholic Peace Activists Confront the Nuclaer Threat

Concerned Families of Westchester Newsletter
October 28, 2019
 
Hello All – In Georgia, a federal grand jury on Thursday found seven Catholic peace activists guilty on three felony counts and a misdemeanor charge for breaking into the Kings Bay Naval Submarine Base on April 4, 2018.  They face more than 20 years in prison. The activists, known as the Kings Bay Plowshares 7, entered the base armed with hammers, crime scene tape, baby bottles containing their own blood, and an indictment charging the U.S. government with crimes against peace.
 
Kings Bay is home to at least six nuclear ballistic missile submarines, each of which carries 20 Trident thermonuclear weapons. Along with intercontinental missiles and nuclear bombers, the Trident subs are part of the US "strategic triad," the nuclear force that, in case of war, would send nuclear bombs to an enemy's homeland, targeting military and civilian targets.
 
The Trident submarines are the mainstay of the US nuclear program, in that they are invulnerable to attack, being deep under water and always moving. There are 18 of these subs in the US arsenal. The six subs located at Kings Bay, Georgia have 3,800 times as much destructive power as the weapon used at Hiroshima.  If they were ever used, the explosions would destroy life on Earth as we know it.  In addition to those killed immediately, a "nuclear winter" of dust and smoke would blot out the sun for years, adding famine to the horror of war and destruction.
 
For years, Catholic peace activists have challenged this insanity be taking "direct action," refusing to submit quietly to the threat to human extinction.  At Kings Bay in April 2018, following the commands of the prophet Isaiah, they symbolically "beat swords into plowshares." Over the past four decades activists in the Plowshares movement have taken part in about 100 similar actions at nuclear arms facilities, beginning in 1980 at the General Electric nuclear missile plant in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania.  For their action at Kings Bay, the Ploughshares 7 chose the date of April 28, 2018, the 50th anniversary of the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
 
What is the point of these symbolic actions?  What do they accomplish?  For the Catholic activists themselves, it is a refusal to live in complicity with the consummate evil of our times – nuclear war.  They express the intolerable existential outrage of being expected to obey a society's law that legitimate the existence, and potential use, of weapons that are so powerful that they would end organized life on Earth.  And then one wonders why everyone doesn't do this, how anyone could be a bystander in this situation. 
 
Part of citizen passivity, of course, is the blackout customarily employed by the mainstream media when it comes to citizen activism.  Dissent in the "proper channels" is regarded as part of the "democratic process" that gives our war machine its legitimacy; but citizen activism not expressed in elections or petitions, but through direct action by the outraged populous, is a danger to be quarantined with silence.  This is especially damaging to democracy at a time when the Trump administration, following on the initiatives of the Obama administration, is in the early stages of a trillion-dollar nuclear "modernization" program, one of whose purposes is to make nuclear weapons "more useable" by concentrating the blast area. That such heinous thoughts could even be entertained should constitute an Impeachable Offense in itself.
 
To learn more about the Ploughshares 7 and the Trident missile program, check out below:
 
Catholic Activists Stand Trial for Protesting Nuclear Weapons
By Sam Husseini, The Nation [October 21, 2019]
---- It's a mark of many Catholic Worker activists that they expect to, at some point, be taken before "rulers and authorities." As Grady and six others—a group of Catholic activists calling themselves the Kings Bay Plowshares 7—entered the Kings Bay Naval Submarine Base in St. Marys, Georgia, on April 4, 2018, the loudspeakers blared: "Use of deadly force is authorized." But they were there exactly because they view the facility as an epicenter of lethal force. The Plowshares 7 brought hammers, small bottles of blood, spray paint, and crime scene tape, which they strung across the facility. The base houses the Trident nuclear missile system; the group hoisted a sign that read "The Ultimate Logic of Trident: Omnicide," poured the blood on the ground, and spray painted "Love One Another" on the pavement. [Read More]
 
Trident Is the Crime
By Kathy Kelly, Waging Nonviolence [October 26, 2019]
---- On October 24, following a three-day trial in Brunswick, GA, seven Catholic Workers who acted to disarm a nuclear submarine base were convicted on three felony counts and one misdemeanor. The defendants face 20 years in prison, yet they emerged from their trial seeming quite ready for next steps in their ongoing witness. …On that day, April 4, 2018, the group had entered a U.S. Navy Submarine base which is a home port for the Trident nuclear missile fleet. Just one of those nuclear missiles, if launched, would cause 1,825 times more damage than the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The Plowshares activists aimed to expose illegal and immoral weapons that threaten all life on earth. [Read More]
 
News Notes
Hastings' Nick Mottern recently published an article titled "US Drone Program May Have Helped Turkey Kill Kurds for Over a Decade." The Kurds in question are those living in southeastern Turkey, who have been attacked by the Turkish government for decades.  Nick writes: "It is a campaign that from time to time seems to have subjected whole communities to attack, particularly in cases in which Kurdish fighters were believed to be in the communities, with U.S. drone video, heat-sensing and other surveillance equipment spotting targets for Turkish conventional aircraft, drones and ground forces."  Drone technology enables the USA to assist "allies" in genocide, without any US casualties. For much more on drone warfare, check out Nick's website, https://www.knowdrones.com/.
 
Alan Bigelow, CFOW friend and formerly of Hastings but now living in Nyack, was recently featured in The New Yorker for his role in the "solar cooking revolution." Solar cookers burn no fossil fuels, and Alan has brought his story of how the cookers can be built and used efficiently to many audiences, including the United Nations. "About three billion people around the world cook on open fires," says Alan.  Using solar cookers can reduce deforestation, save the planet, and make cooking more pleasant.  Give it a try!
 
The Methodist Church of Southern Africa, Nelson Mandela's church, has endorsed Palestine's Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions movement (BDS). At a recent conference in Cape Town, the church denounced "Israel's ongoing ill-treatment and oppression of Palestinian people, and the historic prophetic role played by the church and international community in fighting Apartheid, and any form of discrimination and injustice." Read More
 
Things to Do/Coming Attractions
Sunday, November 3rd – The next CFOW meeting is on Sunday, November 3, from 7 to 9 pm. at the Dobbs Ferry Historical Society, 12 Elm St.  We will have lots to discuss, as the impeachment saga will be over the top, with many collateral impacts on foreign and domestic policy. Everyone is welcome at these meetings
 
Tuesday, November 12th - The International Sanctuary Declaration Campaign "has called together outstanding migrant rights activists from around the world to speak to the conditions they are facing, how they are responding, and what it will take to turn fortresses into sanctuaries."  The event will take place at the Ethical Culture Society of Westchester, 7 Saxon Woods Rd. in White Plains, from 5 to 9:30 pm.  For tickets ($10) and more information, go here.
 
CFOW Nuts & Bolts
Please consider getting involved with Concerned Families of Westchester.  We meet for a protest/rally each Saturday in Hastings, from 12 to 1 p.m., at the VFW Plaza (Warburton and Spring St.)  Our leaflet and posters for our rallies are usually about war or the climate crisis, but issues such as racial justice or Trump's immigration policies are often targeted, depending on current events. We (usually) meet on the first Sunday of each month, from 7 to 9 p.m., at the Dobbs Ferry Historical Society.  Our weekly newsletter is archived at https://cfow.blogspot.com/; and news of interest and coming events is posted on our CFOW Facebook page.  And if you would like to support our work by making a contribution, please send your check to CFOW, PO Box 364, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY 10706.  Thanks!
 
Best wishes,
Frank Brodhead
For CFOW
 
SOME INTERESTING/ILLUMINATING READING AND VIEWING
 
The Betrayal of the Kurds
By Peter W. Galbraith, New York Review of Books [October 24, 2019]
---- The full consequences of President Trump's decision on October 6 to withdraw American troops and give Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan a green light to invade northeast Syria are not yet clear. Erdoğan claimed that he wanted to create a twenty-mile buffer zone in which perhaps one million Syrian refugees living in Turkey could be resettled, but he may have had the ambition of turning all of northeast Syria over to the Islamists whom Turkey had sponsored in western Syria during the country's civil war and who were largely defeated there. Thanks to deft Russian diplomacy, that ambition—which could have reignited the Syrian civil war just as it was winding down—appears to have been largely thwarted. But it is hard to imagine a more calamitous outcome for the United States, the Kurds, NATO, and possibly Turkey itself. … The SDF was, of course, not a party to either the Putin-Erdoğan or the Pence-Erdoğan agreements. While it has no choice but to accept the protection of Russia and the Syrian government, this does not mean that it will abandon the places right along the border where almost all Syrian Kurds live. If Erdoğan resumes his war, the ethnic cleansing could be enormous. [Read More]
 
America's Military Mania Is Hurting Democracy
By William Astore, The Nation [October 24, 2019]
---- When Americans think of militarism, they may imagine jackbooted soldiers goose-stepping through the streets as flag-waving crowds exult; or, like our president, they may think of enormous parades featuring troops and missiles and tanks, with warplanes soaring overhead. Or nationalist dictators wearing military uniforms encrusted with medals, ribbons, and badges like so many barnacles on a sinking ship of state. (Was Donald Trump only joking recently when he said he'd like to award himself a Medal of Honor?) And what they may also think is: That's not us. That's not America. After all, Lady Liberty used to welcome newcomers with a torch, not an AR-15. We don't wall ourselves in while bombing others in distant parts of the world, right? But militarism is more than thuggish dictators, predatory weaponry, and steely-eyed troops. There are softer forms of it that are no less significant than the "hard" ones. In fact, in a self-avowed democracy like the United States, such softer forms are often more effective because they seem so much less insidious, so much less dangerous. [Read More]
 
(Video) "State of Emergency" [Housing and Homelessness]
From Democracy Now! [October 26, 2019]
---- We turn now to the crisis of homelessness in the United States, which is on the rise in many major cities. California has become the poster child for this economic and humanitarian disaster, with growing encampments in Los Angeles and the Bay Area as more people are forced onto the streets. The state is home to 12% of the U.S. population, but half the country's unsheltered people. As the crisis deepens, so has the criminalization of homelessness, with increasing efforts by city and state officials to crack down on unhoused people occupying public space. [See the Program]
 
The Miseducation of Samantha Power
By John Carl Baker, Jacobin Magazine [October 2019]
---- Samantha Power's new memoir, The Education of an Idealist, is an important and engaging work that should be widely read — especially by those of us who disagree with her. It deftly conveys the linkage between personal biography and political belief, showing Power not as a wily imperialist villain but a committed liberal whose consistent focus on human rights has nonetheless led her to embrace perpetual empire. This distinction matters because Power's political causes — atrocity prevention, support for subjugated minorities, international human rights — should be championed by all decent people. Yet her flawed prescriptions — particularly "humanitarian intervention" by the world's most powerful military — help maintain US dominance in the world and often undermine the very principles they profess to defend. With its adoration of the military and praise for the neutrality of "public service," the memoir raises serious questions about contemporary liberalism's ability to check antidemocratic trends.. [Read More]
 
Our History
The FBI Has a Long History of Treating Political Dissent as Terrorism
By Alice Speri, The Intercept [October 22 2019]
---- While terrorism in the U.S. is relatively rare, over the last decade most politically motivated violence has come at the hands of far-right extremists. Despite that reality, the FBI has devoted disproportionate resources to the surveillance of nonviolent civil society groups and protest movements, particularly on the left, using its mandate to protect national security to target scores of individuals posing no threat but opposing government policies and practices. Since 2010, the FBI has surveilled black activists and Muslim Americans, Palestinian solidarity and peace activists, Abolish ICE protesters, Occupy Wall Street, environmentalists, Cuba and Iran normalization proponents, and protesters at the Republican National Convention. And that is just the surveillance we know of — as the civil liberties group Defending Rights & Dissent documents in a report published today. … But the targeting of political dissent is nothing new for the FBI. In fact, one of the bureau's first campaigns, which began a hundred years ago next month, was an abusive crackdown of politically active immigrants it viewed as disloyal potential terrorists. [Read More]

Sunday, October 20, 2019

CFOW Newsletter - Yes to impeachment; yes to US troops out of Syria

Concerned Families of Westchester Newsletter
October 20, 2019
 
Hello All – The withdrawal of US troops from northern Syria, the Turkish invasion, the re-alignment of the (Kurdish) Syrian Democratic Forces with the Assad government, and the insertion of Russian forces between the Turkish invasion and the Syrian military forces in northern Syria – all this amounts to a military and political revolution.
 
President Trump's withdrawal of troops from northern Syria, and his "green-lighting" of the Turkish invasion, has generated bi-partisan outrage in Congress and among the US political and media elite. A very lopsided vote in the House of Representatives condemning Trump's actions in Syria, and Sen. Mitch McConnell's op-ed in the Washington Post similarly critical of Trump's actions, are the first signs that Republican support for Trump may be wobbling.
 
Liberal Democrats, such as Ro Khanna speaking on Democracy Now!, have rightly criticized Trump for the abrupt and irresponsible way that US troops are being withdrawn, especially in putting the Syrian Democratic Forces (Kurds) and the Kurdish communities of northern Syria in danger.  But what do Democrats and antiwar stalwarts suggest instead?  Somehow we must thread the needle between criticizing what Trump has done and supporting the removal of US troops from Syria and the greater Middle East.
 
In considering the Democrats' critique of Trump's Syria/Turkish move, we note that along with strong criticism there is a loud silence concerning what they propose, because the party is divided between advocates of peace and supporters of endless war. US war policy in Syria has always been a bi-partisan affair.  President Obama began it, with the CIA arming and training Syrian "moderate jihadis" to overthrow President Assad's regime in Syria.  But the rebels were anything but "moderate," and they now compose the Turkish-backed force. It is also worth noting that the Kurds in the Middle East have been betrayed by the USA many times before, by both Republican and Democratic presidents. Whatever Trump's faults in the way that he removed US troops and opened the door for the Turkish invasion, the disasters following on the bi-partisan post-9/11 wars in the Middle East and Afghanistan justify the antiwar movement's demands that these wars should be ended immediately.
 
Second, we must be clear that President Trump is not ending the wars in the Middle East.  He is NOT "bringing the troops home." Since May 2019 Trump has raised the number of US troops in the Middle East from 60,000 to 74,000.  When Congress passed the War Powers Act to end US support for the war on Yemen, Trump vetoed it. Trump has also escalated the bombing of Iraq, Afghanistan, and Syria.  The number of attacks using drones has also increased, as has the number of civilian casualties. And at the same time that he withdrew US troops from northern Syria, he sent 2,800 troops and fighter jets to Saudi Arabia. And Trump's attacks on the "military industrial complex" are also phony, as he has stuffed his cabinet and the Pentagon leadership with lobbyists from arms companies like Raytheon. And did we mention that the US military budget is now more than a trillion dollars a year?
 
Concerned Families of Westchester supports the impeachment of President Trump.  But we reject the bi-partisan idea that to fight Trump we should somehow keep US troops in Syria and double-down on maintaining the "security" of an over-expanded Empire.
 
News Notes
Saturday's rally in Queens for Bernie Sanders for President had a big turnout and lots of enthusiasm.  Last week Sanders was endorsed by Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Ilhan Omar.  A highlight (imo) was AOC's terrific speech.  Check it out!
 
Foreign countries "meddling" in US politics should be strongly condemned. This week the (UK) Guardian published documents showing "Israel's rightwing push to ban criticism of Israel on US campuses." Also useful: "Are Israel Lobbies Primary Threat to First Amendment? Report Exposes Right-Wing Effort to Ban Criticism of Israel in US Schools." [Link}.
 
While the thinking people of the world try to fight climate crisis by reducing/ending the use of fossil fuels, the US government gives billions of dollars to the industry. "Last year, the biggest fossil fuel companies paid zero dollars in taxes — and actually received billions in rebates."  Read more here.
 
The New York Times published an excellent article showing how "Medicare for All" could be paid for simply by reducing the military budget.  Read this comprehensive analysis/explanation from the National Priorities Project of the Institute for Policy Studies.
 
Things to Do/Coming Attractions
Sunday, October 20th – The United Nations Association of Westchester invites us – and especially "motivated students" – to join them for a county-wide showcase of student projects and campaigns that respond to the climate crisis.  The event will be held at the Community Unitarian Universalist Congregation, 468 Rosedale Ave in White Plains, from 3 to 5 pm.  To register, and for more information, go here.
 
Sunday, October 27th – Action Corps has been the leading advocate in our area to end US support for the Saudi war in Yemen.  They will hold their annual "community meal" at 4 pm at Riverdale Temple to "celebrate our work championing justice for people most affected by climate disasters and violent conflict." Among the guests will be Rep. Eliot Engel, chairman of the House Foreign Affairs Committee, who has advocated for an end to the war in Yemen. For more information, go here.
 
Sunday, November 3rd – The next CFOW meeting is on Sunday, November 3, from 7 to 9 pm.  We will have lots to discuss, as the impeachment saga will be over the top, with many collateral impacts on foreign and domestic policy.
 
Tuesday, November 12th - The International Sanctuary Declaration Campaign "has called together outstanding migrant rights activists from around the world to speak to the conditions they are facing, how they are responding, and what it will take to turn fortresses into sanctuaries."  The event will take place at the Ethical Culture Society of Westchester, 7 Saxon Woods Rd. in White Plains, from 5 to 9:30 pm.  For tickets ($10) and more information, go here.
 
CFOW Nuts & Bolts
Please consider getting involved with Concerned Families of Westchester.  We meet for a protest/rally each Saturday in Hastings, from 12 to 1 p.m., at the VFW Plaza (Warburton and Spring St.)  Our leaflet and posters for our rallies are usually about war or the climate crisis, but issues such as racial justice or Trump's immigration policies are often targeted, depending on current events. We (usually) meet on the first Sunday of each month, from 7 to 9 p.m., at the Dobbs Ferry Historical Society.  Our weekly newsletter is archived at https://cfow.blogspot.com/; and news of interest and coming events is posted on our CFOW Facebook page.  And if you would like to support our work by making a contribution, please send your check to CFOW, PO Box 364, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY 10706.  Thanks!
 
Rewards!
I only learned recently that the late John Berger's classic book, Ways of Seeing, was originally a BBC television program.  Berger was one of our most creative interpreters of the artistic/visual world.  Check out the program here.  Enjoy!
 
Best wishes,
Frank Brodhead
For CFOW
 
 
SOME INTERESTING/ILLUMINATING THINGS TO READ AND WATCH
 
Death, Misery and Bloodshed in Yemen
---- Saudi Arabia and other countries in the Saudi-led coalition bombarding and blockading Yemen have killed tens of thousands, wrecking the country's already enfeebled infrastructure and bringing Yemen to the brink of a famine that may kill millions. President Trump signaled additional support for Saudi Arabia on October 11 when the U.S. military announced it would send thousands more troops to the kingdom, bringing the number of U.S. troops there to 14,000. Just as Greta Thunberg insists adults must become intensely aware of details and possible solutions regarding the climate catastrophe, people in the U.S. should learn about ways to end economic as well as military war waged against Yemen. For us to understand why Yemenis would link together in the loose coalition of fighters called Huthis requires deepening awareness of how financial institutions, in attempting to gain control of valuable resources, have pushed farmers and villagers across Yemen into debt and desperation. Isa Blumi writes about this sordid history in his 2018 book, Destroying Yemen: What Chaos in Arabia Tells Us about the World. [Read More]
 
Chicago's Teachers Are Making History. Again.
By Jane McAlevey, The Nation [October 15, 2019]
---- The strikes that spread from Chicago across the nation are happening because energetic, smart rank-and-file workers are finally taking back their own organizations—their unions—after too many years of risk-averse leaders whose unwillingness to use the strike weapon contributed to the downfall of the working class. Many teachers in Chicago are stellar educators: After an eight-year stint as a full-time leader of the union, Potter has returned to the high school classroom to teach eleventh-grade classes on "the theory of knowledge, civics and modern world history." But it's not just students at his school in the Back of the Yards neighborhood who benefit. Perhaps the most important lesson Chicago's educators have taught us is that to build a country where policy makers favor the supermajority rather than the 1 percent means a return to massive, supermajority strikes. It is only through such strikes that we can rebuild the solidarity desperately needed among workers—and between workers and the broader society. Strikes are to democracy what water is to life: not a distraction or a disturbance but the foundation. [Read More]
 
How Climate Crises and New Technologies Will Change What It Means to Be Human
An interview with Bill McKibben, The Intercept [October 19, 2019]
----- Is the human race approaching its demise? The question itself may sound hyperbolic — or like a throwback to the rapture and apocalypse. Yet there is reason to believe that such fears are no longer so overblown. The threat of climate change is forcing millions around the world to realistically confront a future in which their lives, at a minimum, look radically worse than they are today. At the same time, emerging technologies of genetic engineering and artificial intelligence are giving a small, technocratic elite the power to radically alter homo sapiens to the point where the species no longer resembles itself. Whether through ecological collapse or technological change, human beings are fast approaching a dangerous precipice. The threats that we face today are not exaggerated. They are real, visible, and potentially imminent. They are also the subject of a recent book by Bill McKibben, entitled "Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out?" McKibben is an environmentalist and author, as well as the founder of 350.org, a campaign group working to reduce carbon emissions. His book provides a sober, empirical analysis of the reasons why the human race may be reaching its final stages. [Read More]

The Greening of the New Deal
By Steve Fraser, Tomdispatch [October 18, 2019]
…. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, also known as FDR, would launch a "New Deal," a wide-ranging set of programs to promote economic recovery that would recreate the American political universe. From that moment to this one, it has served as ground zero for the country's political imagination, the Rosetta Stone for understanding every enduring political development of the last 75 years. President Harry Truman's "Fair Deal" (including proposals for universal health insurance and federal aid to education) and Lyndon Johnson's "Great Society" were conceived as elaborations and extensions of what the New Deal had wrought in the 1930s. "Neo-liberalism" and the "new conservatism" were invented to undo what their creators considered its damage. Today, the "Green New Deal" — a 10-year plan introduced by New York Congresswoman Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and Massachusetts Senator Ed Markey to transition to 100% renewable energy, while embarking on major social reforms — marks the far horizon of the left-liberal imagination. For those opposed to it, the Green New Deal, like the original one, is already considered little but camouflage for a program to introduce socialism to America. Like its predecessor, it arrives on the scene at a fateful moment. There is no way to exaggerate the gravity of the Great Depression in its time or the looming prospect of climate catastrophe in ours. The question is: Could the Green New Deal do what the first one did to stave off the worst — or even do more? [Read More]
 
Our History
Singing the Back Streets [Nelson Algren]
By Andrew O'Hagan, New York Review of Books [November 7, 2019 issue]
[FB – This is a review of Never a Lovely So Real: The Life and Work of Nelson Algren, by Colin Asher.]
---- Algren's conscience was trailed by the FBI. The reasons weren't very complicated. He was a writer out of the Depression who felt that America should be judged by how it treated its poorest citizens. As an artist, he had a special vision and a singular prose, and he used them to see behind the billboards and the newsreels, beyond the lipstick, beyond the fear, into the lives of people left stranded by the American dream. He offers a lesson in what it means to be a writer in a society that believes commerce is virtue. More than Walt Whitman or John Steinbeck, more than F. Scott Fitzgerald or Dorothy Parker, he reveals the essential loneliness of the serious writer, never fooling himself with baubles and status, but staying with his subjects, the forgotten in society and his own alien self. [Read More]
 
 

Sunday, October 13, 2019

CFOW Newsletter - Focus on Impeaching Mad King Donald

Concerned Families of Westchester Newsletter
October 13, 2019
 
Hello All – It was inevitable that the mere initiation of impeachment proceedings against President Trump would generate a torrent of irrational and potentially dangerous acts on his part, some of which would amount to impeachable offenses themselves. (See Marjorie Cohn's essay, "Trump's Stonewalling of Impeachment Inquiry Is an Impeachable Offense.")  And this week Trump's incoherent stance toward Turkey's invasion of northeast Syria has generated protests from previously durable allies in the Republican Senate.  The arrest while trying to flee the country of two of Mayor Giuliani's henchmen, and the unraveling of the Trump team's prohibition on current and former administration officials testifying to Democrat-controlled investigating committees is a further sign of Trump Besieged.
 
It is clear that the wheels are falling off the Trump presidency.  The loose screws in our president are on full display.  The pressures coming from congressional investigations and the rising dissent from Trump's former staff and supporters are causing the president to act more irrationally. As Rebecca Solnit wrote in the article linked below: "President Trump and the upper echelons of the executive branch are at war with the legislative branch, the rule of law, the constitution, federal civil servants and the American people. Tuesday's White House refusal to cooperate with the impeachment inquiry only escalates their defiance and their chaos."
 
Where will this lead? It is increasingly clear (at least to me) that Trump's refusal to cooperate with whatever remains of an "impeachment process" has moved the power struggle among the US political elite to a new level.  Even the Watergate impeachment of President Nixon did not seem to hold the same promise of high-intensity sword fighting among the main players.  Below I've linked good/useful essays that address the widening conflict.  Interesting Times!
 
President Trump is at war with the rule of law. This won't end well
, The Guardian [UK] [October 9, 2019]
---- Do Americans still have a government? I do not know. What I do know is that President Trump and the upper echelons of the executive branch are at war with the legislative branch, the rule of law, the constitution, federal civil servants and the American people. It's a conflict that pulls in many directions, and if the president threatened civil war the other day as something that could happen if he doesn't get his way, we can regard the ordinary state of things as a low-intensity civil war or a slo-mo coup that's been going on from the beginning. Tuesday's White House refusal to cooperate with the impeachment inquiry only escalates their defiance and their chaos. The chaos takes so many forms. Innumerable stories have made it clear that even the president's own aides and cabinet members treat him like a captive bear or a person having a psychotic breakdown – like someone unstable who must be kept from harming himself and others. They have done that by heaping on the flattery, and by warping and limiting the information he receives, and often by doing their best to prevent his directives from being realized. [Read More]
 
Trump Is Mentally Unfit, No Exam Needed
[FB - Three mental health professionals who contributed to "The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump" cite recent actions that confirm their worries.] [October 11, 2019]
To the Editor: Re "Trump Flies Into the Cuckoo's Nest" [Link] [Gail Collins, October 10, 2019]
---- Gail Collins makes a point that we have been articulating seriously since the publication of our book, "The Dangerous Case of Donald Trump," two years ago: President Trump is mentally unfit for office. Our publications have been derided as violations of the Goldwater Rule, "armchair psychiatry" and political bias dressed up as professional opinions. But, as mental health professionals, we have felt a duty to address a public health crisis: a mentally unfit person in charge of the world's most powerful military and its nuclear weapons. We have found ample evidence of his instability and grandiosity in the president's own words and public statements, most recently confirmed in his referring to "my great and unmatched wisdom," coupled with yet another threat to "totally destroy and obliterate" a foreign country. [Read More]
 
News Notes
When we were younger, October 12th was Columbus Day. Today 8 states and more than 130 cities in 34 states observe Indigenous Peoples Day as an alternative to Columbus Day. For an interesting guide re: how this came about, read "Indigenous Peoples' Day: Rethinking How We Celebrate American History," Smithsonian Magazine [October 11, 2019] [Link].  And if another example is needed of how racism lurks in every corner of American history, recommended is "How Italians Became 'White'," by Brent Staples, New York Times [October 12, 2019] [Link].
 
In the UK, a slanderous campaign vilifies the Labour Party and its leader Jeremy Corbyn.  Led primarily by rightwing interests, the campaign alleges both the party and the leader are guilty of anti-Semitism.  In a letter to the UK's leader liberal newspaper The Guardian, Noam Chomsky and many UK intellectuals and political leaders claim "Flawed reporting on antisemitism claims against the Labour party." [October 11, 2019] [Link]
 
The "School Strike for Climate," pioneered by Sweden's Greta Thunberg, has come to Hastings. For the second Friday in a row, a Hastings middle school student has taken her spot in front of Village Hall from 12:30 to 3:15.  If you see her, give her some love and join the strike.
 
Things to Do/Coming Attractions
go here.
Sunday, October 20th – The United Nations Association of Westchester invites us – and especially "motivated students" – to join them for a county-wide showcase of student projects and campaigns that respond to the climate crisis.  The event will be held at the Community Unitarian Universalist Congregation, 468 Rosedale Ave in White Plains, from 3 to 5 pm.  To register, and for more information, go here.
 
Sunday, November 3rd – The next CFOW meeting is on Sunday, November 3, from 7 to 9 pm.  We will have lots to discuss, as the impeachment saga will be over the top, with many collateral impacts on foreign and domestic policy.  I'm thinking about asking another speaker, as the last two meetings w/a speaker were successful.  Any thoughts or suggestions?
That's it for this week.
 
Best wishes,
Frank Brodhead
For CFOW
 
Some Interesting/Useful Reading
 
Non-violently hitting our stride
From Extinction Rebellion [October 13, 2019]
---- As we approached the first weekend of the October Rebellion, it was humbling and inspiring to see that rebels showed no sign of slowing down. In fact, day 5 was marked by a series of exciting milestones: XR Dublin had their first arrests; XR Israel reached a new level of direct action, as rebels glued themselves to the National Stock Exchange in Tel Aviv; and Aussie rebels pioneered the delightful new concept of 'Civil Disco-bedience'. While some sites have been cleared of permanent roadblocks, rebels stayed resilient everywhere: hunger strikers in Italy entered their fifth day, and declared their intent to continue until the Italian prime minister agreed to meet them. … In the words of a rebel in France: 'each in our own way, but ultimately together.' That is how we will win. [Read More] Also very useful is "Can Extinction Rebellion Build a U.S. Climate Movement Big Enough to Save the Earth?" by Alleen Brown, The Intercept [October 12 2019] [Link]. Justin Gillis is a former environmental reporter for the New York Times.  Recommended is his op-ed, "Fire, Floods and Power Outages: Our Climate Future Has Arrived," [October 12, 2019] [Link]
 
Inside the Deportation Courts
By Madeleine Schwartz, New York Review of Books [October 10, 2019 issue]
---- Because immigration courts are under the control of the attorney general, the executive branch can issue new rules that send lawyers scrambling for new ways to represent their clients. Both Sessions and Barr have done this, limiting the meaning of asylum by redefining who counts as a legitimate victim. Immigrants who fear for their lives because of domestic violence find it much more difficult to obtain asylum, as do immigrants whose lives are threatened because their relatives were threatened or killed. One immigration official I talked to compared the attorney general's role to that of the appeals courts, whose decisions bind judges in lower courts. But appeals courts are meant to act independently of the executive branch, not to further its interests. Trump has often called the idea of asylum a "loophole" in the immigration system. … Trump's attempts to close possible paths to immigration have meant ramping up activity in court. Some immigration judges operate out of courthouses, others work out of detention centers, and some have been transferred—both in person and virtually—to courts along the border. Over the course of a week in the Rio Grande Valley, I visited four courts: two immigration courts, one federal court, and new tents set up for immigration hearings. It was common to see people be forced to leave the US after hearings lasting minutes. [Read More]
 
Pathways to Peace
[FB – Mairead Maguire is the co-founder of Peace People and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1976 for her work in organizing nonviolent action to end the fighting in Northern Ireland. She gave this speech on October 4th at NoWar2019 in Limerick, Ireland.]
---- I am very happy to be with you all at this conference. I would like to thank David Swanson and World Beyond War for organizing this important event and also all those attending for their work for peace. I have long been inspired by the American Peace activists and it is a joy to be with some of you at this conference. A long time ago, as a teenager living in Belfast, and social activist, I was inspired by the life of Dorothy Day, of the Catholic Worker. Dorothy, a nonviolent Prophet, called for an end to war and the money from militarism, to be used to help alleviate poverty.   Alas, if today Dorothy (RIP) knew that one in six individuals in the USA is in the Military-Media-Industrial-Complex and armament costs continue to rise daily, how disappointed she would be. Indeed, one third of the USA military budget would eliminate the entire poverty in the USA. We need to offer new hope to a humanity suffering under the scourge of militarism and war. … We are also challenged to build structures through which we can co-operate and which reflect our interconnected and inter-dependent relationships. .. I believe if we are to survive as the human family, we must end Militarism and War and have a policy of general and complete disarmament. In order to do so, we have to look at what is sold to us as the driving forces for militarism and war. [Read More]
 
Rojava: Millions of civilians in northern Syria threatened
By Bülent Gökay and Lily Hamourtziadou, Links [October 11, 2019]
---- On October 6, the White House declared US troops would be withdrawn from northern Syria and no longer be in the immediate area ahead of a Turkish military operation. It also added the US would not support or be involved in the operations, and that Turkey would now be responsible for the fate of all Islamic State (IS) fighters captured during the last two years (totalling 12,000 men and 70,000 women and children) and currently held by the Kurdish-led Syrian Defence Forces (SDF), a group of Kurdish and Arab militias. … Trump announced his intention of withdrawing US troops from the region in December, claiming there was no reason for US troops to stay there since IS was on the verge of complete defeat. Following this, the US administration came to an agreement with Turkey to establish a 10-15-kilometre-wide safe zone, referred to as a peace corridor, along the Turkey-Syria border in northern Syria. As a result, in August some of the Kurdish forces removed their posts and left this zone under the joint control of US and Turkish troops. It seems that this was not enough to satisfy Turkey's security concerns. … This area is not just a military zone occupied by fighters; it is home to between 500,000 and 1 million Kurds and approximately 1.5 million Arabs, Assyrians and Yezidis, many of whom are refugees who have escaped from war zones in Syria and Iraq. The 2014 population estimate of Rojava was 4.6 million. Sandwiched between the Turkish army, the Turkey-supported Free Syrian Army and the Kurdish-Arab SDF militias, these civilians face the risk of losing their homes, lands and lives. This is the unfortunate fate of millions who happen to have been born in this geographic region; in Middle Eastern countries that, in the recent past, have experienced foreign occupation, violent wars and civil wars. [Read More]  Also insightful: "Kurdish Fighters Always Feared Trump Would be a Treacherous Ally," by Patrick Cockburn, The Independent [UK] [October 11, 2019] [Link]
 
Our History
WBAI Signs Off. Its Future Remains Uncertain.
By Arthur Schwartz, The Nation [October 11, 2019]
---- For 59 years, in the center of the FM dial in New York City, WBAI has been a beacon of unabashedly leftist "community-based" radio. On Monday, October 7, at around 7 am, WBAI-NY essentially went off the air. … The Pacifica radio network remains, after 46 years, one of the more fascinating institutions of the postwar counterculture. The first successful experiment in listener-sponsored radio, Berkeley's KPFA began as an idea of Lewis Hill and his allies in 1946 who envisioned a radio station that would promote pacifist awareness in the face of the looming Cold War. … KPFA's iconoclastic programming led New York philanthropist Louis Schweitzer to donate the license of his commercial FM station, WBAI, to the Pacifica Foundation in 1959. In the late '50s and early '60s, the radicalism of Pacifica's broadcasts was exemplified by its eclectic musical programming and educational and political series on issues rarely dealt with by the mainstream media—such as the Kennedy administration's subterfuge in pursuing a nuclear arms buildup. While these elements remain vital aspects of broadcasts now, the Vietnam War and the upsurge of protest against it had an immense impact on the role played by the network's then-three stations during the '60s. WBAI's changing moniker indicates the course of its transformations from the '60s until today: "Free speech radio" evolved into "free radio," finally "community radio."  https://www.thenation.com/article/radio-pacifica-wbai/
 

Monday, October 7, 2019

CFOW Newsletter - Focus on Impeachment [part three]

Concerned Families of Westchester Newsletter
October 7, 2019
 
Hello All – The start of impeachment proceedings against President Trump is long overdue.  Almost since Day One of his presidency he has engaged in "high crimes and misdemeanors" that have injured thousands and thousands of people and brought disgrace on this country.  For the welfare of humanity, he should be removed from office as soon as possible.
 
Questions arise, however, about how or though what means President Trump should be impeached.  Are US war crimes during his tenure "impeachable offenses," or are the crimes committed against future generations by his actions on global warming a sufficient "misdemeanor" to impeach him?  Back in 2017, for example, Texas Rep. Al Green called for Trump's impeachment, and he continued to do so, on the grounds of Trump's racism and bigotry. Or must impeachment rest on a violation of a specific legal or Constitutional provision, such as the allegations connected with Trump's phone call to the president of Ukraine.  Scholars differ.  We/CFOW have generally agitated for "impeach the Trump Agenda," but the Democrats have committed to the narrower strategy. While there is no sense in bickering with the Democrats over how they will frame Articles of Impeachment, we think that Trump's racism, his fanning the flames of climate chaos, and his contempt for international treaties and international law such as those that apply to e.g. the War in Yemen or the horror at our southern border must be constantly on our minds.  Just as Richard Nixon was not charged with "high crimes and misdemeanors" for the War against Vietnam or the bombing of Cambodia, Donald Trump will not be held accountable for the real damage he has done to the world.  But Impeach We Must.
 
It is unlikely that the Democrats will be able to contain "the impeachment process" in a neat, orderly box.  Already President Trump has announced his non-cooperation, thus a la Nixon expanding the range of "abuses of power" that may eventually bring him down.  And we note the dependence of the impeachment process on the FBI and especially the CIA, two institutions that stalwarts of a certain age know to have their own political agenda, ones not always in the National Interest.  (And we note the irony of the mantles of heroism being placed on CIA "whistleblowers," while real whistleblowers such as Chelsea Manning or Edward Snowden linger in prison or exile.)  Finally, we think we need to take seriously Trump's threats to not go quietly (again, a la Nixon) into disgrace and exile, hinting at civil war and becoming president for life.  The Interesting Times continue.
 
The Climate Crisis and the Extinction Rebellion
Though the mainstream media has moved on, the climate crisis and the worldwide uprising to stop it continue. Today (Monday) marked the beginning of a month of worldwide protests, many of them linked to the direct-action group Extinction Rebellion.  The Extinction Rebellion comes to us from the UK, but over the last year has become implanted in the USA.  In NYC today the protests were centered on Wall St., where "blood" was sprayed on the Wall St. bull statue, while protesters engaged in a "die-in," representing the future that awaits us if the Reign of Fossil Fuels is not stopped asap. About 90 people were arrested on this first day of the NYC protest. Protests also took place in London, Amsterdam, Melbourne, and many other cities.  In London, 280 people were arrested by evening, including two in their 80s who were arrested for spray-painting a government building with "Life, not death for my grandchildren."  For more information about this week's events, go here.
 
And in Hastings, last Friday a middle-school student began a "school strike for climate," following in the footsteps of Swedish activist Greta Thunberg.  The student says she will strike each Friday from 12:30 to 3:15 pm, taking her stand for the climate in front of the Hastings Village Hall.  If you see her, drop by to wish her well; and let us hope that she is soon joined by many other students.
 
Save the Hastings VFW Park
For the second week in a row we passed out leaflets at our Saturday vigil with some information about the Village of Hastings' plan to do major renovation on the park, renovations that we fear will eliminate the Plaza on which CFOW has held 500 Saturday events over the past decade, and which has also been used by many others – including the Village itself – to host gatherings and speak out to the public.  The project is premised on receiving $200,000 in federal block-grant money.  The grant application, detailing the goals and scope of the proposed project, can be found on the Hastings Village website. The architect's site plan can be found on page 45 of the grant application.  While the Mayor and the Downtown Working Group state that the site plan is only a "placeholder," it is consistent with the intention of the project to spend $400,000 (of which $200K is Hastings' match) for major changes in the park.  CFOW, which most values the Plaza as a unique example of a public space for speaking and performances, proposes instead that the Park be repaired and maintained, not dug-up and replaced.  If you have comments or questions about this project, you can email the Downtown Working Group.
 
CFOW Nuts & Bolts
Please consider getting involved with Concerned Families of Westchester.  We meet for a protest/rally each Saturday in Hastings, from 12 to 1 p.m., at the VFW Plaza (Warburton and Spring St.)  Our leaflet and posters for our rallies are usually about war or the climate crisis, but issues such as racial justice or Trump's immigration policies are often targeted, depending on current events. We (usually) meet on the first Sunday of each month, from 7 to 9 p.m., at the Dobbs Ferry Historical Society.  Our weekly newsletter is archived at https://cfow.blogspot.com/; and news of interest and coming events is posted on our CFOW Facebook page.  And if you would like to support our work by making a contribution, please send your check to CFOW, PO Box 364, Hastings-on-Hudson, NY 10706.  Thanks!
 
That's it for this week.
 
Best wishes,
Frank Brodhead
For CFOW
 
GOOD READING/FEATURED ESSAYS
 
(Video) From Trump to Nixon: "Watergate" Film Explains "How We Learned to Stop an Out of Control President"
From Democracy Now [October 4, 2019]
---- President Donald Trump called openly Thursday for the leaders of Ukraine and China to investigate Trump's campaign rival Joe Biden and Biden's son Hunter for corruption. Trump's explicit remarks during a press conference came as leaders of the Democratic-led House pushed ahead rapidly with their impeachment investigation. … We spend the hour looking at back at the Watergate scandal, which led to Nixon's resignation in 1974 and is the focus of a documentary titled "Watergate — Or: How We Learned to Stop an Out of Control President." Drawing on 3,400 hours of audiotapes, archival footage and declassified documents, the film chronicles the dramatic events surrounding the break-in at the Democratic National Committee headquarters at the Watergate office complex in 1972, which precipitated Nixon's eventual resignation two years later under threat of impeachment. We play clips from the film and speak with its director, Charles Ferguson, who won an Academy Award for his documentary "Inside Job." [See the Program]
 
Rojava ["the Syrian Kurds"] in the Crosshairs of Turkey's Dictator Erdogan
[FB] – This morning's New York Times announces:  "In a major shift in United States military policy in Syria, the White House said on Sunday that President Trump had given his endorsement for a Turkish military operation that would sweep away American-backed Kurdish forces near the border in Syria."  The Times forgets to note that these "American-backed Kurdish forces" have established the remarkable state and society of Rojava, a de facto self-governing unity of some two million Kurds.  While to the Trump administration they were only useful fighters against ISIS who can now be betrayed and discarded in the interests of US policy towards Turkey, the Kurds have built a new world for themselves around the principles of anarchism and eco-feminism, based in large part by the Kurds' jailed leader having discovered the writings of the American anarchist and environmentalist Murry Bookchin while in prison. Learn about these remarkable people and their amazing efforts at self-organization (in wartime) via some of the good/useful readings below.  Long Live Rojava!
 
(Video) "A Shakespearean Act of Betrayal": Trump Agrees to Let Turkey Invade Kurdish-Controlled Syrian Area
From Democracy Now! [October 7, 2019]
---- U.S. troops have begun withdrawing from northeast Syria as Turkey prepares to invade Kurdish-controlled areas of the country. For years, the Kurds have been close allies to the United States in the fight against ISIS. On Sunday, however, the White House released a statement that surprised many in the region, announcing that Turkey would be "moving forward with its long-planned operation in Northern Syria," following a phone call between President Trump and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. "The United States Armed Forces will not support or be involved in that operation, and the United States forces, having defeated the ISIS territorial 'Caliphate,' will no longer be in the immediate area," the statement said. The announcement marks a major shift in U.S. policy, since as recently as January President Trump threatened to "devastate Turkey economically" if it attacked Kurdish forces in Syria. Meanwhile, in neighboring Iraq, the death toll continues to rise as police and soldiers fire on people defying a government-imposed curfew in mass anti-government protests. For more on events in the region, we speak with Patrick Cockburn, Middle East correspondent for The Independent newspaper. [See the Program] In the latter part of this interview, Cockburn speaks about the massive uprising now underway in Iraq.  For more on this, recommended are Cockburn's recent article, "The Iraqi people are in revolt," The Independent [UK] [October 7, 2019] [Link]; and "Iraqi Gov't Teeters as Protest Death toll Rises to 100, with 4,000 Wounded," by [Link].
 
For more on Rojava and how it works – "Experiment in Self-Rule in Rojava," Le Monde diplomatique [September 2017] [Link]; "Report from Rojava: What the West Owes its Best Ally Against ISIS," by Debbie Bookchin, New York Review of Books [April 4, 2019] [Link]; and for a useful video, "Rojava - Northern Syria: The Kurds between Conflict and Democracy," from Deutsche Welle
[Link]. Old friend Meredith Tax wrote a book about the women of Rojava: A Road Unforeseen: Women fight the Islamic State; you can read a good review here.
 
(Podcast and Text) The Silencing of Kashmir: Arundhati Roy on India, Modi, and Fascism
From The Intercept [October 3, 2019]
---- [Kashmir] is the most militarized place on earth. And perhaps right now there are more Indian troops, and have been more Indian security forces there since 1990, more than probably were deployed in Iraq or Afghanistan by the U.S., you know, and that is a valley that has been locked down. If you follow, for example, there's the Jammu and Kashmir civil service, JKCCS it's called. There's a report, a torture report, which is so chilling to read. I mean, what happened in Abu Ghraib, all these kinds of forms of torture, and variations of it have been commonly practiced there, you know. So, according to the Associated Press 70,000 people have been killed in this conflict. It's a valley covered with graveyards. Every village has its own graveyard. The gravestones grew out of the ground like young children's teeth there, you know. It's a place where you have had people fighting for self determination for 70 years. And that fight became militant because of the repression from 1990 onwards. India's moral position on Kashmir has never, ever been a moral position. It is a kind of moral corrosion that has corroded all of us. And now, now the world is looking at it. [Read More/Hear the Podcast]
 
Five Years Later, Do Black Lives Matter?
By Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor, Jacobin [October 2019]
----In the five years since Mike Brown Jr was murdered and the streets of Ferguson, Missouri erupted, police across the United States have killed more than four thousand people, a quarter of them African American. Five years later, do Black Lives Matter? Confronted by an array of internal and external obstacles, "the movement" has stalled even as a white supremacist rules from the White House. … Recognizing the stubborn duration of police abuse and violence is less about pessimism than it is about sobriety. There is no quick fix to police brutality. The police are so difficult to transform because the bipartisan political establishment needs them, especially when it decides it has nothing left to give us. … But what is the value of protecting the "rule of law" when the law itself prioritizes what is valued by the elite, while ignoring what is valued by most of us? In other words, neither the law nor law enforcement is on our side, and that ultimately makes the movement to reform either extremely difficult. [Read More]
 
Hypersonic Weapons and National (In)security
By Rajan Menon, LobeLog [October 6, 2019]
---- Hypersonic weapons close in on their targets at a minimum speed of Mach 5, five times the speed of sound or 3,836.4 miles an hour. They are among the latest entrants in an arms competition that has embroiled the United States for generations, first with the Soviet Union, today with China and Russia. Pentagon officials tout the potential of such weaponry and the largest arms manufacturers are totally gung-ho on the subject. No surprise there. They stand to make staggering sums from building them, especially given the chronic "cost overruns" of such defense contracts — $163 billion in the far-from-rare case of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter. Voices within the military-industrial complex — the Defense Department; mega-defense companies like Lockheed Martin, Northrup Grumman, Boeing, and Raytheon; hawkish armchair strategists in Washington-based think tanks and universities; and legislators from places that depend on arms production for jobs — insist that these are must-have weapons. Their refrain: unless we build and deploy them soon we could suffer a devastating attack from Russia and China.
The opposition to this powerful ensemble's doomsday logic is, as always, feeble. [Read More]
 
Bernie's Heart. And Ours.
By Norman Solomon, ZNet [October 6, 2019]
---- Along with being where all blood goes, the heart is an enduring metaphor. As Bernie Sanders recovers from a heart attack, now might be a good time to consider some literal and symbolic meanings.
Bernie immediately used his heart trouble to advance a central mission. From the hospital, he tweeted: "I'm fortunate to have good health care and great doctors and nurses helping me to recover. None of us know when a medical emergency might affect us. And no one should fear going bankrupt if it occurs. Medicare for All!" That's the kind of being "on message" we so badly need. It's fully consistent with Bernie's campaign and his public life. ("Not me. Us.") He has never been a glad-hander or much of a showman. He's always been much more interested in ending people's pain than proclaiming that he feels it. … That's where the heart as metaphor is apt. Bernie has a huge and eternally healthy heart, filled with the lifeblood of empathy and dedication. In essence, that's what the Bernie 2020 campaign is all about. As he has been the first to say, it's not about him, it's about us. How much compassion and commitment can we find in our hearts? [Read More]
 
Our History
The Forgotten History of America's Worst Racial Massacre
By Nan Elizabeth Woodruff, The New York Times [September 30, 2019]
---- One hundred years ago this week, one of the worst episodes of racial violence in American history unfolded in Elaine, Ark., a small town in the Mississippi Delta. Details remain difficult to verify. The perpetrators suppressed coverage of the events, and the victims, terrified black families, had no one to turn for help. In fact, local police were complicit in the killing of untold numbers of African-Americans.  The Elaine massacre was among the worst instances of racial violence in American history, and it took place in a region, the Delta, that defined itself by its violence and oppression. One African-American, William Pickens, described the Mississippi Delta as "the American Congo." Elaine, though an isolated plantation region, was part of the broader social upheaval following World War I that came in the form of massive strikes and racial confrontations, both at home and abroad. … Americans have yet to reckon with this horrible past. Elaine was probably the largest massacre of black people in post-Civil War history, yet no federal investigation was ever conducted. This neglect by the government came in the face of people who merely sought to exercise their basic rights to secure a lawyer to defend their property. America cannot address the inequality, poverty, inadequate education, the racially biased criminal justice system, and the limited life chances of black people that define contemporary society until the nation confronts and acknowledges this history. The obligations of the past weigh heavily upon the present. [Read More]